Knowledge base
Temperature
Possible causes
- Overheating (high load, climb, hot ambient)
- Temperature sensor or cable fault
- Too cold ambient (battery)
Safe test steps
- Does the fault clear after cooling/warming?
- Infrared thermometer on the component.
Workshop reference values
- The permitted temperature limit is manufacturer-specific – use the official value.
Repair approach
- Reduce load, cool down; persistent fault: check sensor/component.
Tools needed
- Infrared thermometer
- Digital multimeter (CAT III, fused inputs)
Safety
- Never bypass a temperature sensor.
Related verified fault codes
| Code | Meaning | Component | Reliability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bosch 540 | Temperature error (outside permitted range) | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Bosch 605 | Battery temperature fault | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Shimano STEPS W010 | Drive unit temperature is higher than normal | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Bafang 10 | Motor internal temperature reached its protection value | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Bafang 11 | Motor internal temperature sensor fault | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Bafang 13 | Battery internal temperature sensor fault | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Bafang 14 | Controller internal temperature reached its protection value | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Bafang 15 | Controller internal temperature sensor fault | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Bafang 45 | Battery temperature too high | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Bafang 46 | Battery temperature too low | Temperature | Per manufacturer documentation |
| Xiaomi 39 | Battery temperature sensor fault | Temperature | Widely published – may differ by model/firmware |
| Xiaomi 40 | Controller temperature too high | Temperature | Widely published – may differ by model/firmware |
| Segway-Ninebot 39 | Battery temperature sensor fault | Temperature | Widely published – may differ by model/firmware |
| Segway-Ninebot 40 | Controller temperature too high | Temperature | Widely published – may differ by model/firmware |